South Carolina announced secession shortly after Lincoln's victory in the presidential election of 1860, and by February 1861 six more southern states had made...
By the beginning of the summer of 1861, two field armies of the Confederation were in Northern Virginia. General Beauregard commanded the Potomac Army,...
Maryland Campaign
On September 4, 1862, General Lee's army entered Maryland, intending to cut off the communications of the federal army and isolate Washington during...
Prussia, while trying to unite the various German states under its command, did not participate in the American Civil War. However, there were volunteers...
The second French Empire remained officially neutral during the American Civil War and did not recognize the Confederate States of America. The United States...
The first invasion
The first officially organized invasion of North Africa by the Caliphate began in 647. After leaving Medina, 20,000 Arabs joined in Memphis...
