Senate in the era of the Republic
With the establishment of the republic, the Senate, along with the magistrates and the people's assemblies ( comitia...
According to information transmitted by ancient authors, the place where Rome originated was inhabited from ancient times and attracted foreigners. The first colonists of...
The city was founded around settlements at a ford across the Tiber River, at the crossroads of trade routes. According to archaeological evidence, Rome...
Background
In 474, Julius Nepos became Roman emperor. He successfully fought against the Vandals, and also commanded a fleet that defended the shores of the...
The first invasion
The first officially organized invasion of North Africa by the Caliphate began in 647. After leaving Medina, 20,000 Arabs joined in Memphis...
The first invasion
It began with the conquest of the Middle East. Byzantium lost the Levant, and the Sassanid state lost Mesopotamia.
The confrontation with Byzantium...